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Obese people outnumber smokers two to one 肥胖人群已經超過吸煙人群，兩者的比例為2:1 上海譯銳翻譯 2019-7-8 17:05 p.m. New figures from Cancer Research UK show that people who are obese now outnumber people who smoke two to one in the UK*, and excess weight causes more cases of certain cancers than smoking, as the charity urges Government action to tackle obesity. 來自英國癌癥研究的新數據表明，英國的肥胖人群已經超越吸煙人群并達到吸煙人群的2倍。與吸煙相比，超重會導致更多例癌癥。因此，慈善機構要求政府采取行動以對抗肥胖。 Excess weight：超重 Tackle： ['t?k ? l]處理，對付〔難題〕 Almost a third of UK adults are obese and, while smoking is still the nation's biggest preventable cause of cancer and carries a much higher risk of the disease than obesity, Cancer Research UK's analysis revealed that being overweight or obese trumps smoking as the leading cause of four different types of cancer. 幾乎有三分之一的英國人屬于肥胖人群。盡管吸煙仍然是英國最大的、可以預防的癌癥原因并且與肥胖相比具有更高的致病風險，英國的癌癥研究分析表明，超重或肥胖已經超過吸煙而成為四類癌癥的頭號原因。 Excess weight causes around 1,900 more cases of bowel cancer than smoking in the UK each year. The same worrying pattern is true of cancer in the kidneys (1,400 more cases caused by excess weight than by smoking each year in the UK), ovaries (460) and liver (180). 在英國，每年因為超重而導致的直腸癌比吸煙多出大約1900例。同樣的情況體現在腎臟癌（在英國，每年由于超重而導致的腎癌比吸煙多出1400例）、卵巢癌（460例）和肝癌（180例）。 bowel cancer：直腸癌 Cancer Research UK launched a nationwide campaign this week to increase awareness of the link between obesity and cancer. Extra body fat sends out signals that can tell cells to divide more often and can cause damage that builds up over time and raises the risk of cancer. 英國癌癥研究于本周在全國范圍內推出一項運動，該運動旨在加強人們對肥胖和癌癥之間關聯性的認知。額外的脂肪會發出一種信號，這種信號會讓細胞更加頻繁的分裂并會導致細胞損害。這種損害會隨著時間的推移而不斷累積并使患癌的風險增加。 The campaign compares smoking and obesity to show how policy change can help people form healthier habits, not to compare tobacco with food. 該運動將吸煙和肥胖進行比較，以表明改變政策可以幫助人們養成更加健康的習慣，而非將煙草和食物進行比較。 Michelle Mitchell, Cancer Research UK's chief executive, said: "As smoking rates fall and obesity rates rise, we can clearly see the impact on a national health crisis when the Government puts policies in place -- and when it puts its head in the sand. 英國癌癥研究的首席行政長官Michelle Mitchell表示：“隨著吸煙率的下降和肥胖率的增加，我們可以清楚地看到，當政府正確采取政策以及當政府采取鴕鳥政策時，其對全國健康危機所產生的影響。” To put one's head in the sand：逃避或鴕鳥政策 "Our children could be a smoke-free generation, but we've hit a devastating record high for childhood obesity, and now we need urgent Government intervention to end the epidemic. They still have a chance to save lives. “我們的孩子可能會成為不吸煙的一代。但是，我們的兒童肥胖已經史無前例創歷史新高。現在，我們繼續政府采取干預措施，以結束這場蔓延全國的肥胖。他們仍然有機會挽回自己的性命。” record high：創歷史新高 "Scientists have so far identified that obesity causes 13 types of cancer but the mechanisms aren't fully understood. So further research is needed to find out more about the ways extra body fat can lead to cancer." “科學家們目前已經探明，肥胖可以引起13種癌癥，但是引起癌癥的機理卻仍然未完全搞清楚。因此，需要進一步研究以了解更多有關身體多余脂肪導致癌癥的途徑。” The charity wants the Government to act on its ambition to halve childhood obesity rates by 2030 and introduce a 9pm watershed for junk food adverts on TV and online, alongside other measures such as restricting promotional offers on unhealthy food and drinks. 慈善機構希望政府能夠下定決心，到2030年，使兒童肥胖率減少一半并推出垃圾食品電視和網絡廣告晚上九點播出的分水嶺。此外，還可相應推出其他舉措，比如限制不健康食品和飲品的促銷宣傳。 Professor Linda Bauld, Cancer Research UK's prevention expert, commented: "There isn't a silver bullet to reduce obesity, but the huge fall in smoking over the years -- partly thanks to advertising and environmental bans -- shows that Government-led change works. It was needed to tackle sky-high smoking rates, and now the same is true for obesity. Linda Bauld教授是英國癌癥研究的預防專家。她評論道：“減少肥胖并沒有靈丹妙藥。但是，數年來，吸煙人群的顯著下降，部分歸功于廣告和環境限制，表明由政府主導的措施還是奏效了。過去，我們需要應對極高的吸煙率，現在同樣需要應對肥胖率。” silver bullet：殺手锏、靈丹妙藥 sky-high：極高的 "The world we live in doesn't make it easy to be healthy and we need Government action to fix that, but people can also make changes themselves; small things like swapping junk food for healthier options and keeping active can all add up to help reduce cancer risk." “在我們所生活的世界，保持健康并非易事。我們需要政府來改變這一局面。同時，人們也可以自己進行改變；用更健康的飲食替換垃圾食品以及保持運動這些小事都可以幫助我們減少患癌癥的風險。” 文章來源：科學日報 編輯：Susan