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Jogging and five other exercises ward off weight gain despite 'obesity genes'

即使有‘肥胖基因’，慢跑和其他五项运动也可以帮助遗传学肥胖人群避免体重增加

For people who inherited genes that increase their chance of becoming obese, there is hope for keeping the weight off. A study by Wan-Yu Lin of National Taiwan University and colleagues, published 1st August in PLOS Genetics, identified the types of exercise that are especially effective at combating genetic effects that contribute to obesity.

weight gain：体重增加

对于有肥胖基因且变胖几率会增加的人，现在已有了避免体重增加的办法。由国立台湾大学的Wan-Yu Lin和其同事所展开的研究发现了几种对于对抗导致肥胖基因特别有效的运动类型。该项研究于8月1日发表于《公共科学图书馆遗传学》（PloS Genetics）。

Worldwide, obesity is a challenging condition to control because it results from interactions between a person's genetics and lifestyle. Doctors often recommend exercise, but it is not clear which kinds are best for curbing weight gain in individuals whose genetics make them more likely to become obese. A new study of 18,424 Han Chinese adults, aged 30 to 70 years, examined the interactions between the individuals' genetics and their self-reported exercise routines. The researchers looked specifically at five measures of obesity, such as body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage and waist-to-hip ratio. They found that regular jogging was the best type of exercise for managing obesity, according to the five measures. Moreover, mountain climbing, walking, power walking, certain types of dancing, and long yoga practices also reduce BMI in individuals predisposed to obesity. Surprisingly, cycling, stretching exercises, swimming and Dance Dance Revolution did not counteract the genetic effects on obesity.

从全世界来看，肥胖都是一个难以控制的挑战，这主要是因为肥胖的原因是一个人的遗传因素和生活方式交互作用的结果。通常，医生会建议减肥，但是对于有肥胖遗传且更容易变胖的人而言，他们不清楚到底哪种运动对于控制体重最为有效。研究人员特别研究了五种肥胖测量指标，比如BMI，体脂比以及腰臀比。研究人员发现，定期慢跑是管理体重的最佳锻炼方法。此外，登山、散步、快走、某类舞蹈以及长期的瑜伽练习都会让降低易胖体质人群的BMI。令人惊讶的是，骑自行车、拉伸运动、游泳以及跳舞机对于对抗遗传性的肥胖不起任何作用。

body fat percentage：体脂比

waist-to-hip ratio.：腰臀比

power walking：快走

dance Dance Revolution：跳舞机

Overall, the study suggests that when it comes to obesity, genetics are not destiny, and the effects can be lessened by several kinds of regular exercise. Previous research has shown that frequent physical activity blunts the genetic effects on obesity, but these studies focused only on BMI. The new study also considers four other measures of obesity that are more closely linked to metabolic problems. As obesity continues to be a serious public health challenge, the benefits of exercise cannot be overstated.

总体而言，研究提出，当涉及肥胖时，遗传并非注定不可避免。若干定期运动可以控制体重。此前的研究已经表明，经常性的身体运动会减弱遗传对肥胖的影响，但这些研究都把重点放在BMI。新研究也考虑了肥胖的其他四项指标，这四项指标与新陈代谢方面的问题联系更紧密。随着肥胖继续严重威胁大众健康，运动的益处不能被过于夸大。

blunt：使减弱；使降低效应

文章来源：科学日报   编辑：Susan