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上海譯銳翻譯咨詢有限公司編輯小組
【譯文規范】
【百家爭鳴】
作者簡介: 陳忠誠 (1922――), 前東吳法學院比較法碩士(1949), 華政經濟法教授
【譯作欣賞】
中國作為文明古國,同樣有著輝煌的城市發展史。著名的《清明上河圖》,就生動描繪了12世紀中國商業城市開封的繁榮景象。中國的城市也具有自身特色。改革開放30多年來,中國工業化、城鎮化步伐明顯加快,城鎮居民從1.7億人增加到近7億人,形成了一批有重要影響與發展活力的城市群,促進了經濟發展和社會進步。
本期責任編輯:專業翻譯公司-譯銳翻譯質控部Susan
譯界摘要 2012年第1期(總第1期)
上海譯銳翻譯咨詢有限公司譯審部主辦 2012年12月18日出版
目錄
【譯文規范】
關于“轉讓”的用詞規范
【百家爭鳴】
編者按:本欄目本期所登文章轉摘自專家作品,僅供參考與研究探討。
【譯作欣賞】
編者按:本欄目所刊登譯作既包括本公司經質控專業人士審校后的定稿,也包括相關學術雜志、網站等所刊登的精彩譯作。
關于“轉讓”一詞的使用規范
在法律法規等資料的中翻英中,我們經常能夠遇到“轉讓”一詞。一般來說,比較常見的表達轉讓意思的單詞有transfer,而我們見的最多的轉讓一詞的翻譯也是transfer。那么,除了transfer之外,還有其余表達轉讓意思的詞嗎?答案是肯定的。根據國外的相關法律法規條文,我們發現,有轉讓含義的詞還包括"delegate”, “assign”, “negotiate”。
我們先說Assign,作為常出現的法律英語單詞之一,意思是轉讓,也可以指受讓人,通常指轉讓權利。在民法和合同法中,assign多指債權讓與且常指轉讓無形財產的權利。如assign the rights to a third party。將權利轉讓給第三方。
Delegate在法律英語中,通常指義務的轉讓,更具體一點是指,將自己的(債務人)轉移給自己的債權人。
Transfer 的“讓與”詞義來源于“移交,轉移”這個詞源含義,因而在移交轉移的標的上多為有形物,或實體物,而不論是否是不動產、動產或權益,只要這些權利或物能以有形的形式出現,transfer均可用,在這個意義上來說,transfer表達的轉讓范圍寬泛,是法律英語中表示轉讓的通用詞匯。
Negotiate則特指證券或流通票據的轉讓或銷售買賣。
總結后,我們對上述四個表示“轉讓“的英語單詞做出以下使用規范:在表示轉讓某種權利,尤其指財產方面的無形權利時,應使用assign。當轉讓的是某種權利和義務時,應使用delegate;當轉讓證券或流通票據時,應選擇negotiate。當表達實物、有形物或其他不確定指向或泛指時,應選擇transfer。
編者按:本文刊登時部分詞句略有刪節。
奇書奇錯
陳忠誠
《紀念上海市法學會成立五十周年》
印刷精良、裝幀講究的《紀念上海市法學會成立五十周年》是一冊奇書---錯得奇奇怪怪。這種錯誤,特別對今日的上海來說尤其引人注目。
1. 一般裝訂成冊者多有頁碼,唯獨此冊無之(故本文除指出其錯誤之外,無法指出錯誤之頁碼);
2. 謹以此畫冊獻給為上海市法學會做出貢獻的人們!
This pamphlet is respectfully devoted to all those have made contributions to Shanghai Law Society.
原文 “devoted to ”應作“dedicated to” 而“have”前必須加入一個“who” !
3. A magnificent chapter has been composed, which are interweaved with trials and tribulations;
此譯文一會兒“has been” (單數),一會兒又 “are interweaved” (復數),自相矛盾!!
5. 讓我們欣然回首
Arousing us to reminiscent in vim and vibrancy.
“reminiscent” 能用作動詞嗎?
6. 1956 年,時任華東政法學院院長的雷經天…
In 1956, Shanghai Law Society was initially proposed by Mr Lei Jingtian the previous president of East China University of Politic and Law.
按: 當時并無 “East China University of Politics and Law” 而只有 “East China Institute of Politics and Law”!
7. 雷經天…時任華東政法學院院長
Mr Lei Jingtian being the president of East China University of Politics and Law
按: 明明是“學院”卻在譯文中升格為“大學”了。
8. 完成了普法讀物《法律常識要覽》的編輯,彭真委員長為其題詞
with the publication of Legal Knowledge Overview, wich was inscribed by Mr. Peng Zhen
按:旁的姑且慢說, “which”都寫成了別字― “wich”!
9. 楊兆龍 黃道
Yang Zhaolong and Huang Diao
按: “黃道”竟譯作“黃刁”了!
10.1956 成立,1985年重組
Founded in 1956 and restructured in 1956
按:“1985”誤作 “1956”
11. 成立或重組時間
Time of Foundation of Re-organization
按:“或”應作“or”而不應作“of”!
12. 把學術研究與立法活動結合起來,積極參與各項立法活動是法學會工作的重要內容
A key content of SLS’s work is to integrate academic research with legislation activities and to take an active part in various legislation actives.
按:末一詞“actives”(譯“活動”)系“activities”之別!
13.1991—現在《上海法學研究》
Shanghai Law Science Research and Development : 1991-now
按:“and development” 系衍文,占原文無據!
14.2005年,與華東政法學院聯合舉辦了“第三節環境糾紛處理中日韓國際學術研討會”
In 2005, SLS held “the third session of Sino-Japan, Korea international academic seminar on environmental dispute resolution” jointly with East China University of Politics and Law
按: 當時尚未更名為 “East China University of Politics and Law”!
15. By May 1999, the 160 consultation hotline has been substituted…
按: 又大錯了! 應作 “the 160 consultation hotlines have been substituted…”
以上所舉其類例倒還有呢,就不一一列舉了。給紀念冊自己留一些余地吧。還有改正的機會。但是要提醒一句:英文廣告、路名等問題,都以其污染世博環境而受到制裁 (如《上海法學研究》已由有關部門禁止其標題使用英文有年了),是有案可查的呀!
以煙氣脫硫脫硝、機動車尾氣高效凈化等大氣污染治理裝備,城鎮生活污水脫氮除磷深度處理、新型反硝化反應器等水污染治理成套裝備,高效垃圾焚燒和煙氣處理、污泥處理處置等固體廢物處理裝備,重金屬、氨氮在線監測等環境監測專用儀器儀表,環境應急監測車、阻截式油水分離及回收設備等環境應急裝備為重點,實施一批產業化示范工程。推進重金屬污染防治、土壤污染防治技術開發與示范應用,加快高性能膜、脫硝催化劑納米級二氧化鈦載體、高效濾料等污染控制材料的產業化。到2015年,培育一批在行業具有領軍作用的環保企業集團及一批“專、精、特、新”的環保配套生產企業,創建10-15個區位優勢突出、集中度高的環保技術及裝備產業化基地。
A series of industrial demonstration projects will be carried out with the focus on the equipment for air pollution control such as the desulfurization and denitration of flue gas and the efficient purification of vehicle exhaust gas, the complete sets of water pollution control equipment such as new denitrification reactors and those for the advanced treatment in denitrification and dephosphorization of urban domestic sewage, the equipment for solid waste disposal such as efficient waste incineration, flue gas treatment and sludge treatment, the special instrument for environmental monitoring such as the online monitoring of heavy metals and ammonia nitrogen, as well as the environmental emergency equipment such as environmental emergency monitoring vehicles and the intercept equipment for oil-water separation and recycling. Efforts will be made to promote the development and demonstration application of the technologies for controlling the heavy metal pollution and soil pollution, and speed up the industrialization of pollution control materials such as high-performance membranes, nanoscale titanium dioxide as the carrier of denitration catalyst, and high efficiency filter media. By 2015, China will have fostered a number of environmental enterprises playing a leading role in the industry and a number of “professional, precision-oriented, distinctive and innovative” enterprises in supportive of environmental protection, and established 10 to 15 industrial bases with high concentration and prominent location advantages for environmental technologies and equipment.
China, a country with an ancient civilization, also has a proud history of urban development. The famous painting Riverside Scene During Qingming Festival vividly captures the life of Kaifeng, a dynamic commercial city in China in the 12th century. Chinese cities are also unique in their own ways. Since the launching of reform and opening0up program over 30 years ago, China has quickened the pace of industrialization and urbanization, with urban population increasing from 170 million to some 700 million. The emergence of a number of city clusters with strong influence and dynamism for development has boosted economic development and social progress.